基于双环滑模控制的直/气复合控制系统设计

直/气复合控制导弹具有强干扰、强非线性以及强耦合等特点，传统的姿态控制器难以适用于该种复杂干扰并存的情况，文章提出了基于双环滑模控制的直/气复合控制器。首先采用有限时间收敛趋近律分别构造内外环滑模控制器，并将角速度回路的滑模变量量化为直接力指令，以解决空气舵与姿控发动机之间的耦合问题。接着使用非线性扩张状态观测器估计综合干扰，从而设计控制器补偿侧向喷流干扰及模型不确定性等综合干扰的影响。然后基于李雅普诺夫方法证明了控制系统闭环稳定，分析了干扰补偿对控制器收敛域的影响。最后仿真结果表明，该方法跟踪速度快，动态过程平稳，具有较强的干扰抑制能力，具有很强的鲁棒性。     

基于量子化、芯片化的先进计量测试技术发展动态

计量是国家质量基础的重要组成部分，产品质量的提升离不开科学、精准的计量。工业发达国家极为重视计量测试技术的发展。通过搜集、整理量子效应计量、芯片级计量等国内外大量文献资料，归纳分析了近年来国外先进计量测试技术发展动态与趋势。以量子技术和基本物理常数为基础建立量子计量基标准，将大幅提高测量准确度和稳定性，结合量子效应的微加工技术实现芯片尺度的测量等，微纳尺度计量技术也在科学研究、精密测量、智能制造等领域得到广泛应用。本文可为我国计量技术发展提供借鉴。     

Online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system under rigid communication constraints

This paper focused on online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system in a dynamic environment. The objective was to maximize the total profit of the overall system by efficiently coordinating the different satellites with stochastic arrival of urgent tasks, subject to rigid communication and observation time window constraints. We formulated this problem as a single-task, single-robot, time-extended assignment problem with intra-schedule dependency using the multi-robot task assignment taxonomy and formulated the sub-problem after releasing urgent tasks in a mixed-integer linear programming model. We first described the online scheduling algorithm for a single satellite, then we proposed the modified consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-CBBA) and modified asynchronous consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-ACBBA) with synchronous and asynchronous communication, respectively. Compared with initial versions of CBBA and ACBBA, the modified versions added the communication loop prediction phases to efficiently utilize scarce communication opportunities and reduce the communication requirements. Additionally, we introduce two contract net protocol (CNP)-based algorithms for comparison, respectively SingleItem-CNP-based (SI-CNP) algorithm and Batch-CNP-based (BA-CNP) algorithm. Computational experiments indicated that both the total profit and percentage of scheduled urgent tasks achieved by the m-ACBBA and m-CBBA algorithms were much higher than those achieved by both SI-CNP and BA-CNP. Additionally, the number of communications needed by either m-ACBBA or m-CBBA algorithm was lower than that by SI-CNP. When the communication cost in the system is high, the m-CBBA algorithm is preferred because it balances the profit and the required number of communications. When the communication cost is low, the m-ACBBA algorithm is preferred because it achieves high total profit and high percentage of scheduled urgent tasks.     

前向数据接入方式对导航星座网络通信性能的影响分析

对采用时分多址轮询建链体制的导航星座星间链路网络，为了指导星间链路网络地面前向数据接入的应用，分析了不同地面前向数据接入方式的星-星-地联合数据交互机制及其对网络通信性能的影响，并结合应用代价给出了综合评价和使用建议。以前向数据最快路径接入方式和固定节点接入方式为代表，分析了星间链路网络与地面间星 星 地联合数据交互机制的特点，明确了两种方式下星间链路网络拓扑路由规划策略的制定原则。通过构建Walker 24/3/1导航星座星间链路网络数据处理模型及典型星地运行场景，对两种地面前向数据接入方式仿真分析了星间链路通信容量和传输时延等网络通信性能，比较分析了通信容量及数据拥塞规律，得出前向数据最快路径接入方式相比于固定节点接入方式在通信性能上有较明显优势的结论。最后，综合给出了两种星 星 地联合数据交互机制的应用性评价,同时给出了在通信容量较低且通信时延要求不高、但可靠性要求较高的应用条件下，可适度采用固定节点接入方式的建议。     

基于DOA聚类算法的ARM抗有源诱偏技术研究

有源诱偏技术是雷达对抗反辐射导弹的一种重要手段,可以大大降低反辐射导弹的作战效能。为提高对敌目标的精确打击能力,在分析闪烁诱饵诱偏原理的基础上,针对有源诱偏干扰下被动雷达测角精度与稳定度不高的问题,通过对有源诱偏信号的时域特征进行分析,提出一种基于脉冲前沿检测的DOA聚类分选算法,找出前沿超前的辐射源信号,实现了高性能抗有源诱偏干扰和高精度抗干扰测向。仿真结果表明,该技术可以有效对抗四点源有源诱偏干扰。     

非恒定增压式微尺度拉瓦尔喷管流动特性

针对微尺度喷流在航天器运动状态切换时出现的非恒定增压变化,采用直接模拟蒙特卡洛(DSMC)方法对阶跃式增压和线性式增压两种模式下的微尺度拉瓦尔喷管流场进行了模拟,并对其变化过程中的流动特性进行了对比分析。结果显示：阶跃式增压会导致流动特性出现较大幅值的峰谷式波动,而线性式增压下的流动特性则呈现出线性变化的特点;黏性力对微尺度喷流的非恒定增压变化产生了重要的黏滞作用,在喉部扩张段至出口的流场中尤为明显;在设定的条件下,阶跃式增压过程中喷流产生的总冲量较线性式增压高59.5%,质量流量高74.7%,单位工质提供的冲量低约8.6%,波动性也高于线性式模型,阶跃式增压适用于系统需要较大推力改变运动状态且推进剂充足的情况,而线性式增压在系统精确微调或需要推进剂产生更高效能时具有明显的优势。     

超细CL‑20的可控批量制备及降感技术

为了批量制备低感度超细六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20),用作固体推进剂的高能添加剂,以氧化锆球(0.8 mm或0.3 mm)为研磨介质,采用HLG-05型粉碎设备制备了两种超细类球形CL-20。用激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)对CL-20样品进行了相应的表征;用差示扫描量热(DSC)研究了样品的热分解性能;测试了样品的撞击、摩擦和静电火花感度。结果表明:制备的微米级和亚微米级CL-20平均粒径分别为3.43μm和320 nm,表面光滑,类球形;其晶型不变,无质杂峰;超细CL-20的分解峰温稍有下降,活化能降低,其静电火花感度略有提高,但撞击感度分别降低了24.6%和108.4%,摩擦感度下降了8%和20%;机械感度降低效果明显,在高能固体推进剂中有较大的应用前景。     

微纳聚合体卫星的对称式重构规划算法

为解决微纳聚合体卫星变构过程中，聚合体各部分之间的动力学耦合导致的卫星整体姿态翻转或紊乱，提出了一种对称式变构规划算法。首先建立了铰链约束下的漂浮基多刚体系统动力学模型，研究了重构过程中各运动模块对本体姿态的影响，提出当每两个运动模块位置与转动方向满足对称性条件时，两者对本体姿态的影响可在一定程度上相互抵消。基于上述理论，在A*算法中引入最优分配度量和对称性判定，设计了并行对称重构规划算法。仿真结果表明，该规划算法可实现重构过程中多模块并行、对称运动，重构过程总步数较少，运动模块对本体姿态的影响小。     

Flow mechanism between purge flow and mainstream in different turbine rim seal configurations

The rim seal is used to prevent mainstream ingestion to the gap between the vane of a turbine and its blade. In this article, the dolphin lip with a hook configuration and a large seal cavity with hook structures are designed based on the high-pressure turbine datum single shark lip rim seal configuration. The sealing effect and parameters of the flow field are measured by an experiment method and a numerical simulation is used to explain the mechanism. For three configurations, the effect of the leakage slot vortex on the efficiency of the seal and the influence of leakage vortex, generated by the interaction between purge flow and mainstream flow, are discussed in depth. The result shows that the reverse vortex formed by the dolphin lip rim seal with hook structure will increase the sealing efficiency. The seal configuration with a large cavity improves sealing efficiency to a greater extent than the datum structure. At different purge flow rates and with unequal seal structures, the purge flow produces three types of leakage vortices in the passage. Besides, the seal configuration with dolphin lip produces a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the interface of the purge and the mainstream flows at a low purge flow rate to induce new leakage vortex branches in the passage of the blade.